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CSFLE KMS Providers

On this page

  • Overview
  • Key Management System Tasks
  • Create and Store your Customer Master Key
  • Create and Encrypt a Data Encryption Key
  • Supported Key Management Services
  • Amazon Web Services KMS
  • Azure Key Vault
  • Google Cloud Platform KMS
  • KMIP
  • Local Key Provider

Overview

Learn about the Key Management System (KMS) providers Client-Side Field Level Encryption (CSFLE) supports.

Key Management System Tasks

In CSFLE, your Key Management System performs the following tasks:

  • Creates and stores your Customer Master Key

  • Create and Encrypt your Data Encryption Keys

To learn more about Customer Master Keys and Data Encryption Keys, see Keys and Key Vaults.

Create and Store your Customer Master Key

To create a Customer Master Key, you must configure your Key Management System to generate your Customer Master Key as follows:

Diagram

To view a tutorial demonstrating how to create and store your CMK in your preferred KMS, see Tutorials.

Create and Encrypt a Data Encryption Key

When you create a Data Encryption Key, you must perform the following actions:

  • Instantiate a ClientEncryption instance in your CSFLE-enabled application:

    • Provide a kmsProviders object that specifies the credentials your CSFLE-enabled application uses to authenticate with your KMS provider.

  • Create a Data Encryption Key with the CreateDataKey method of the ClientEncryption object in your CSFLE-enabled application.

    • Provide a dataKeyOpts object that specifies with which key your KMS should encrypt your new Data Encryption Key.

To view a tutorial demonstrating how to create and encrypt a Data Encryption Key, see the following resources:

To view the structure of kmsProviders and dataKeyOpts objects for all supported KMS providers, see Supported Key Management Services.

Supported Key Management Services

The following sections of this page present the following information for all Key Management System providers:

  • Architecture of CSFLE-enabled client

  • Structure of kmsProviders objects

  • Structure of dataKeyOpts objects

CSFLE supports the following Key Management System providers:

Amazon Web Services KMS

This section provides information related to using AWS Key Management Service in your CSFLE-enabled application.

To view a tutorial demonstrating how to use AWS KMS in your CSFLE-enabled application, see Use Automatic Client-Side Field Level Encryption with AWS.

Architecture

The following diagram describes the architecture of a CSFLE-enabled application using AWS KMS.

Diagram KMS

Note

Client Can't Access Customer Master Key

When using the preceding Key Management System, your CSFLE-enabled application does not have access to your Customer Master Key.

kmsProviders Object

The following table presents the structure of a kmsProviders object for AWS KMS:

Field
Required for IAM User
Required for IAM Role
Description

Access Key ID

Yes

Yes

Identifies the account user.

Secret Access Key

Yes

Yes

Contains the authentication credentials of the account user.

Session Token

No

Yes

Contains a token obtained from AWS Security Token Service (STS).

dataKeyOpts Object

The following table presents the structure of a dataKeyOpts object for AWS KMS:

Field
Required
Description

key

Yes

Amazon Resource Number (ARN) of the master key.

region

No

AWS region of your master key, e.g. "us-west-2"; required only if not specified in your ARN.

endpoint

No

Custom hostname for the AWS endpoint if configured for your account.

Azure Key Vault

This section provides information related to using Azure Key Vault in your CSFLE-enabled application.

To view a tutorial demonstrating how to use Azure Key Vault in your CSFLE-enabled application, see Use Automatic Client-Side Field Level Encryption with Azure.

Architecture

The following diagram describes the architecture of a CSFLE-enabled application using Azure Key Vault.

Diagram KMS

Note

Client Can't Access Customer Master Key

When using the preceding Key Management System, your CSFLE-enabled application does not have access to your Customer Master Key.

kmsProviders Object

The following table presents the structure of a kmsProviders object for Azure Key Vault:

Field
Required
Description

azure.tenantId

Yes

Identifies the organization of the account.

azure.clientId

Yes

Identifies the clientId to authenticate your registered application.

azure.clientSecret

Yes

Used to authenticate your registered application.

azure.identityPlatformEndpoint

No

Specifies a hostname and port number for the authentication server. Defaults to login.microsoftonline.com and is only needed for non-commercial Azure instances such as a government or China account.

dataKeyOpts Object

The following table presents the structure of a dataKeyOpts object for Azure Key Vault:

Field
Required
Description

keyName

Yes

Name of the master key

keyVersion

No, but strongly recommended

Version of the master key

keyVaultEndpoint

Yes

URL of the key vault. E.g. myVaultName.vault.azure.net

Warning

If you do not include a keyVersion field, Azure Key Vault attempts to decrypt Data Encryption Keys using the latest Customer Master Key. If you rotate the CMK but do not rewrap the Data Encryption Keys with the new master key, attempting to decrypt an existing DEK fails, since the DEK is encrypted with the previous version of the CMK.

Google Cloud Platform KMS

This section provides information related to using Google Cloud Key Management in your CSFLE-enabled application.

To view a tutorial demonstrating how to use GCP KMS in your CSFLE-enabled application, see Use Automatic Client-Side Field Level Encryption with GCP.

Architecture

The following diagram describes the architecture of a CSFLE-enabled application using GCP KMS.

Diagram KMS

Note

Client Can't Access Customer Master Key

When using the preceding Key Management System, your CSFLE-enabled application does not have access to your Customer Master Key.

kmsProviders Object

The following table presents the structure of a kmsProviders object for GCP KMS:

Field
Required
Description

email

Yes

Identifies your service account email address.

privateKey

Yes

Identifies your service account private key in either base64 string or Binary subtype 0 format without the prefix and suffix markers.

Suppose your service account private key value is as follows:
-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----\nyour-private-key\n-----END PRIVATE KEY-----\n
The value you would specify for this field is:
your-private-key
If you have a user-key.json credential file, you can extract the string by executing the following command in a bash or similar shell. The following command requires that you install OpenSSL:
cat user-key.json | jq -r .private_key | openssl pkcs8 -topk8 -nocrypt -inform PEM -outform DER | base64 -w 0

endpoint

No

Specifies a hostname and port number for the authentication server. Defaults to oauth2.googleapis.com.

dataKeyOpts Object

The following table presents the structure of a dataKeyOpts object for GCP KMS:

Field
Required
Description

projectId

Yes

Identifier for your project in which you created the key.

location

Yes

Region specified for your key.

keyRing

Yes

Identifier for the group of keys your key belongs to.

keyName

Yes

Identifier for the symmetric master key.

keyVersion

No

Specifies the version of the named key. If not specified, the default version of the key is used.

endpoint

No

Specifies the host and optional port of the Cloud KMS. The default is cloudkms.googleapis.com.

KMIP

This section provides information related to using a KMIP compliant Key Management System in your CSFLE-enabled application.

To view a tutorial demonstrating how to use a KMIP compliant Key Management System in your CSFLE-enabled application, see Use Automatic Client-Side Field Level Encryption with KMIP.

Architecture

The following diagram describes the architecture of a CSFLE-enabled application using a KMIP-compliant key provider.

Diagram

Important

Client Accesses Customer Master Key

When your CSFLE-enabled application uses a KMIP-compliant key provider, your application directly accesses your Customer Master Key.

kmsProviders Object

The following table presents the structure of a kmsProviders object for a KMIP-compliant key provider:

Note

Authenticate through TLS/SSL

Your CSFLE-enabled application authenticates through TLS/SSL when using KMIP.

Field
Required
Description

endpoint

Yes

Specifies a hostname and port number for the authentication server.

dataKeyOpts Object

The following table presents the structure of a dataKeyOpts object for a KMIP compliant Key Management System:

Field
Required
Description

keyId

No

The keyId field of a 96 byte Secret Data managed object stored in your KMIP-compliant key provider.

If you do not specify the keyId field in the masterKey document you send to your KMIP-compliant key provider, the driver creates a new 96 Byte Secret Data managed object in your KMIP-compliant key provider to act as your master key.

endpoint

Yes

The URI of your KMIP-compliant key provider.

Local Key Provider

This section provides information related to using a Local Key Provider (your filesystem) in your CSFLE-enabled application.

Warning

Do Not Use the Local Key Provider in Production

The Local Key Provider is an insecure method of storage and is not recommended for production. Instead, you should store your Customer Master Keys in a remote Key Management System (KMS).

To learn how to use a remote KMS in your CSFLE implementation, see the Tutorials guide.

To view a tutorial demonstrating how to use a Local Key Provider for testing Client-Side Field Level Encryption, see Quick Start.

Architecture

When you use a Local Key Provider in your CSFLE-enabled application, your application retrieves your Customer Master Key from the filesystem of the computer on which your application is running.

The following diagram describes the architecture of a CSFLE-enabled application using a Local Key Provider.

Local Key Provider architecture diagram.

kmsProviders Object

The following table presents the structure of a kmsProviders object for a Local Key Provider:

Field
Required
Description

key

Yes

The master key used to encrypt/decrypt data keys. The master key is passed as a base64 encoded string.

dataKeyOpts Object

When you use a Local Key Provider, you specify your Customer Master Key through your kmsProviders object.

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